This course is designed for students interested to explore a small scientific project/idea in the field of (1) paleoceanography and paleoclimate; (2) ocean chemistry and biology; (3) isotope geochemistry. The students will discuss a research project and plan with the professor at the beginning of the semester, and carry through from reading to conducting laboratory work to data analyses during the semester, and will be asked to present the research results at the end of the semester.